One of the most common confusion which occurs with the Canon EOS flash photography is the fact that the Canon EOS modes like the Program (P ), Shutter Priority (TV) , Aperture Priority (AV) and Manual (M) modes handle flash illumination is different ways. This is especially so when the ambient light is not strong. This guide will give a brief run down of how the various modes work when the flash is activated. This guide also assumes that the FP mode is not turned on.
The Program (P) Mode:
Under the P mode, when the ambient light is low, the camera will be set to a high shutter speed to enable you to use the camera without a tripod stand. This is to enable you to avoid "motion blur" even though you are holding the camera with your hand. The P mode will work when the ambient light is low or high. When the ambient light is high, the camera makes the assumption that you will flash fill the foreground. Thus the flash will be low powered. If the ambient light is low, the camera will under the P mode will set the flash and the shutter speed appropriately to give the best possible result. Having said so, pictures taken under this condition will normally have a dark background.
Shutter Priority (TV) Mode
Under this mode the camera will let you decide the shutter speed. It will instead choose an aperture priority to suit the shutter speed to ensure that the exposure level for the background is correct. The duration of the flash pulse will be determined by flash metering. In short, the camera always operates in fill flash mode under the TV mode as opposed to P mode. The Canon EOS system will also warn you if the background is too dim. This will be shown when the maximum aperture value of the camera lens starts to flash in the viewfinder. When this occurs, you should slow down the shutter speed. You will also require a tripod if you wish to avoid motion blur.
AV (Aperture Priority) Mode
Under this mode, you will be able to fix the depth of field by setting the lens aperture. The camera then decides the appropriate shutter speed to expose the background to the right level. The flash pulse duration will be determined by the metering system of the flash. However note that, if the shutter speed is set really low, you will need a tripod to avoid motion blur. As in TV mode, the camera will work in flash fill mode as well. The only exceptions to this are the Canon EOS 10/10s and Canon Elan II/ EOS 50 models. These cameras have a custom function which allows you lock the shutter speed to the X-sync speed.
Manual (M) Exposure Mode
With the M mode, you will choose both the aperture and shutter speed of the camera. You will also decide the exposure level of the camera. With the flash metering system, the camera will determine the correct flash pulse to illuminate the foreground. - 17564
The Program (P) Mode:
Under the P mode, when the ambient light is low, the camera will be set to a high shutter speed to enable you to use the camera without a tripod stand. This is to enable you to avoid "motion blur" even though you are holding the camera with your hand. The P mode will work when the ambient light is low or high. When the ambient light is high, the camera makes the assumption that you will flash fill the foreground. Thus the flash will be low powered. If the ambient light is low, the camera will under the P mode will set the flash and the shutter speed appropriately to give the best possible result. Having said so, pictures taken under this condition will normally have a dark background.
Shutter Priority (TV) Mode
Under this mode the camera will let you decide the shutter speed. It will instead choose an aperture priority to suit the shutter speed to ensure that the exposure level for the background is correct. The duration of the flash pulse will be determined by flash metering. In short, the camera always operates in fill flash mode under the TV mode as opposed to P mode. The Canon EOS system will also warn you if the background is too dim. This will be shown when the maximum aperture value of the camera lens starts to flash in the viewfinder. When this occurs, you should slow down the shutter speed. You will also require a tripod if you wish to avoid motion blur.
AV (Aperture Priority) Mode
Under this mode, you will be able to fix the depth of field by setting the lens aperture. The camera then decides the appropriate shutter speed to expose the background to the right level. The flash pulse duration will be determined by the metering system of the flash. However note that, if the shutter speed is set really low, you will need a tripod to avoid motion blur. As in TV mode, the camera will work in flash fill mode as well. The only exceptions to this are the Canon EOS 10/10s and Canon Elan II/ EOS 50 models. These cameras have a custom function which allows you lock the shutter speed to the X-sync speed.
Manual (M) Exposure Mode
With the M mode, you will choose both the aperture and shutter speed of the camera. You will also decide the exposure level of the camera. With the flash metering system, the camera will determine the correct flash pulse to illuminate the foreground. - 17564
About the Author:
Tim Harris is a canon camera enthusiast. For tips on choosing and buying cameras, do check out Canon OS Camera website. Camera 40D Digital Rebel XTI 3D Blog
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